Health productivity in macroeconomic level in Turkey: a multi-level causality test approach

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Çınar, F. & Şengül, H. (2019). Health productivity in macroeconomic level in Turkey: A Multi-level Causality Test approach. Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science, 9(8), 551–557.Özet
Although private health services have been common, it is known that health
is a global public good, and it is related with global public expenditures.
Recent studies shoved that productivity in health services is a main domain
of government, nongovernmental organizations, and public sector. Thus,
increase in productivity of health services provides efficient use of public
goods. Moreover, public health services and productivity in health sector is a
part of macroeconomic level. In this research, it is aimed to evaluate effects of
macroeconomic indicators in health productivity. In the research, data
collected from Turkey Statistics Institute (TUIK) for 2001-2016 were used to
enlighten macroeconomic indicators and health productivity outcomes.
According to results of the study, health expenditures and % in GDP rates are
causes for fertility rate (p<0.05). Moreover, health expenditures also causes
for number of health organizations and number of birth (p<0.05). Number of
birth causes price level indices (p<0.05). All these causality results show that
their correlations are positive, since both F statistic level and data
observations support positive correlations.