Investigation of risk factors for effective pressure ulcer development studies have been made in Turkey: A meta-analysis study

Abstract

Objective: This meta-analysis was carried out to determine the risk factors affecting the development of pressure wounds. Materials and Methods: In this study, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Turk Medline, ULAKBIM and CINAHL data were collected between January 2010 and November 2019. The researches on their bases were scanned. 5.189 studies were reached as a result of the screening. Seven studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. These studies were independently evaluated by three authors, and the kappa compliance rate was calculated in the SPSS 26 program. In the studies, the licensed CMA 3 (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) version 3 (CMA 3) program of the CMA statistics package program and Kappa statistics were used for inter-rater agreement. In this study, "Risk Ratio=Odds Ratio" was used in the effect size calculation. Cochran's Q statistics were used to test heterogeneity in the studies. Classic Fail-Safe N and Tau coefficient calculation results to test publication bias was used. The study was recorded in the database "PROSPERO. " Results: Three of the studies included in the study were prospective, three were retrospective, one was descriptive, and one was descriptive retrospective. As a result of the examination, the sample size in the studies was between 46 and 1625, in almost all of the studies in patients who aimed to determine the pressure wound; It was determined that the Braden compression risk assessment scale and the Apache II score were used, and some studies used different scales in addition to the pressure wound assessment scales. In the studies, the risk factors effective in the development of pressure sores; demographic characteristics, the number of days with pressure wounds, days of hospitalization of patients with a pressure sore, Braden score, state of consciousness, the number of days on mechanical ventilation, disease and treatment characteristics, albumin level, hemoglobin level, muscle strength, acute physiology, and chronic health status, primary diagnoses, pressure wound development time, and comorbid diseases were determined. In this study, kappa values ranged between 0.843 and 0.881 on the basis of inter-rater reliability analysis articles. The general fit ratio kappa value was calculated as 0.849, and the reliability was found to be high. Conclusion: In this meta-analysis conducted to determine the risks that affect the development of pressure sores; The number of days of hospitalization, Braden score, and albumin level was determined to be important risk factors. © Peter Lang GmbH. Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften Berlin 2021. All rights reserved