The Inclusivity of Long-Run Economic Growth in Türkiye

Abstract

This study investigates whether economic growth in Turkiye has been inclusive or exclusive since the establishment of the Republic in 1923. And if it has been inclusive or exclusive during this period, the study delves into the specific periods that contributed most to the inclusivity or exclusivity of economic growth. To achieve this objective, a novel method defined in the paper has been employed to measure the dimension of inclusivity or exclusivity in different specific periods. According to the findings, overall, economic growth during the Republic's Years has been inclusive; however, it only began to be notably inclusive after 1980. Since then, economic growth has significantly favored lower- and middle-income groups, compared to higher income groups, indicating that it has been inclusive since 1980.