A Comparative Exploration of Waste Separation Behavior at Universities in Turkiye

Abstract

This study explores waste separation behavior in university settings as a representative site for broadersustainability engagement. Drawing on Behavioral Reasoning Theory (BRT), we investigate howsustainability values influence perceived benefits and barriers, which in turn shape attitudes and intentions.These factors—ranging from environmental and socio-ethical benefits to psychological and usage-relatedbarriers—serve as key reasons for or against engaging in sustainable practices. The moderating role of greencampus initiatives is also examined. In a second study, we use fsQCA to identify multiple sufficientconfigurations—combinations of values, demographic factors, and perceptions—that lead to waste separation.This approach complements PLS-SEM, which offers insights into average effects, while fsQCA reveals howdifferent individuals may reach the same outcome through distinct paths. The use of both methods allows fora more nuanced understanding of behavioral variation. Finally, we complement our findings with abductivequalitative analysis, drawing on interviews with students, faculty, and sustainability officers.