Fintech Adoption and its Investment Impact in Islamic Social Finance: The Case of Zakat

Abstract

Islamic Financial Technology (I-FinTech) is rapidly evolving and expanding due to the swift advancements in computer software and machinery. I-FinTech progressively asserts its role in various applications, including computer algorithms, artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, robo-advisory, and social networks, to facilitate the development and advancement of digital Islamic finance. The adoption of I-FinTech has begun to enhance the benefits of Islamic social finance, particularly in the context of zakat. Zakat institutions have utilized technological advancements, including mobile devices and security technologies, to digitize their collection and distribution processes. Evidence suggests that zakat institutions can reduce operational costs, improve security, expedite payments, and facilitate better transactions by adopting finance technology. Despite significant advancements, the adoption of I-FinTech by zakat institutions encounter various challenges, including sharia compliance, financial inclusion, digital awareness, conservative culture, trust deficits, security concerns, infrastructure limitations, regulatory issues, and impact investment considerations. Limited research has explored the challenges faced by Islamic social finance in the adoption of FinTech. However, this study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing interviews with zakat managers, IT experts, and policymakers to assess the challenges and potential for I-FinTech adoption within zakat institutions. This research identifies significant challenges faced by zakat institutions, including insufficient technical knowledge and capabilities, traditional and conservative cultural influences, lack of awareness, and a deficit of talent and expertise in the full adoption of FinTech solutions. The study presents recommendations to address these challenges, including awareness campaigns, capacity building, the adoption of modern technological solutions like blockchain and crowdfunding digital platforms, and the improvement of transparency and governance standards. The study concludes by offering recommendations for future research endeavors.